Why Are Bugs Attracted to Lights

Turn on your porch light after sunset, and you will be treated to an aerial display by dozens, if not hundreds, of bugs. Artificial lights attract moths, flies, crane flies, mayflies, beetles, and all sorts of other insects. You may even find frogs and other insect predators hanging around your porch at night, taking advantage of the easy pickings.  Why are insects attracted to lights, and why do they keep circling around and around like that? Night Flying Insects Navigate by Moonlight Unfortunately for the insects, their attraction to artificial light is a cruel trick caused by our innovation moving faster than their evolution. Night flying insects evolved to navigate by the light of the moon. By keeping the moons reflected light at a constant angle, insects can maintain a steady flight path and a straight course. Artificial lights obscure the natural moonlight, making it hard for insects to find their way. Light bulbs appear brighter  and radiate their light in multiple directions. Once an insect flies close enough to a light bulb, it attempts to navigate by way of the artificial light, rather than the moon. Since the light bulb radiates light on all sides, the insect simply cannot keep the light source at a constant angle, as it does with the moon. It attempts to navigate a straight path but ends up caught in an endless spiral dance around the bulb. Is Light Pollution Killing Insects? Some scientists believe light pollution is leading to a decline in certain insects.  Fireflies, for example, have difficulty identifying the flashes of other fireflies where artificial lights are present. For a moth that lives only a few weeks, a night spent circling a porch light represents a significant chunk of its reproductive lifespan. Insects that mate between dusk and dawn may be drawn to artificial lights instead of seeking mates, thus reducing their chance to produce offspring. They also waste a considerable amount of energy, which can be deleterious in species that dont feed as adults and must rely on energy stores from the larval stage of the life cycle. An extended line of artificial lights, such as street lights along a highway, can create a barrier to insect movement in some circumstances. Scientists refer to this as the crash barrier effect, because wildlife is effectively prevented from moving across the land by the lights impeding their navigation. Another negative impact of artificial lighting on insects is called the vacuum cleaner effect, where insects are lured from their normal environment by the draw of the lighting. Mayflies spend their immature stages in water, and finally emerge and develop wings as adults. Their lives are brief, so anything that interferes with mating and egg laying can be disastrous to a given population. Unfortunately, mayflies sometimes swarm streetlights along bridges and waterways and wind up depositing their eggs on road surfaces before dying en masse. Which Artificial Lights Impact Insects the Most? Mercury vapor lights are extremely effective at attracting night-flying insects, which is why entomologists use them to observe and capture specimens. Unfortunately, street lights that use mercury vapor bulbs also do an exceptionally good job of attracting insects. Incandescent bulbs also prove confusing to night-flying insects, as do compact fluorescent bulbs. If you want to  reduce the impact of your outdoor artificial lights on insects, opt for either warm color LED bulbs or the yellow bulbs marketed specifically for reducing insect attraction. Resources and Further Reading Dern, Evan. â€Å"Light Pollution Decimates Insects in the Environment.† FAU Astronomical Observatory, Florida Atlantic University Department of Physics.Justice, Michael. â€Å"Light Pollution and Insects: Insect Attraction to Various Types of Residential Lights.† Global Science Engagement, AAAS 2016 Annual Meeting, 14 Feb. 2016, Washington DC.

Social Issues Of Education And Education - 984 Words

Social Issues in Education The United States has made leaps and bounds in its education system since schooling became mandatory. Most people in the US have at least a high school education and are able to function in society as fruitful and productive citizens. However, in the past years the family and education structure have changed, creating new social issues for society to address and find solutions for. The following examines the shortage of teachers in schools, increasing school violence, and the bilingual challenges our education system faces today. One of the challenges the United States faces in modern education is the lack of teachers to fill the classrooms. This creates difficulty as many teachers are forced to teach large classes and the teacher to student ratio is largely disproportionate. The interaction students have with teachers not only helps develop the student academically, but also teaches them social skills that are useful for peer interaction. A study done by Howes 1999; Pianta, Nimetz B ennett ; 1997 â€Å"Suggests that when children have warm and supportive teacher– child relationships they are able to use their teachers as resources for their other social relationships, including peer relationships† ( As cited in Kiuru, Aunola, Lerkkanen, Pakarinen, Poskiparta, Ahonen, Nurmi,, 2015: p 435). It is important for classrooms to have structure and teachers who can devote time to the students to ensure their academic success. One solution to help fulfill theShow MoreRelatedSocial Issues On Education And The United States Of Education2729 Words   |  11 Pages Social Issues in Education Name: Institution: Date: Social Issues in Education Education is the avenue to all forms of development for that matter. Development here is a tandem of all fields ranging from politics to social and of course the economy of the country. A question of education should, therefore, be treated with the highest degree of concern for a country to develop. This task, therefore, seeks to analyze the social issues in education with the United States of EducationRead MoreEducation And Social Justice Issues Essay1667 Words   |  7 Pagescombination of education and social justice issues is a complex one. School is supposed to be a safe place for one to learn and grow, however with the increasing amount of inequalities within the school system there seems to be a growing divide between what we consider the â€Å"norm† and those we deem as the â€Å"other† (Kumashiro, 2000). The â€Å"other† is constantly pressured to conform to the norm of society, which is socially constructed (Sensoy and Di Angelo,2012) and this poses an issue in most schoolsRead MoreSocial Issues Are Poor Education And Poverty875 Words   |  4 PagesSociological Autobiography In Sociology 101 we have learned a great deal about how interconnected social issues are. Poor education and poverty can often be connected to create a cycle of poverty that brings down the next generation. Racial inequality can often lead to poor job opportunities. Using the sociological imagination I will also attempt to connect events in my life to larger social problems and look at my life through the sociological perspective. I am going to look at how my privilegedRead MoreThe Affects Of Social Class Inequality On Higher Education1475 Words   |  6 PagesThe Affects of Social Class Inequality on Higher Education Assignment 1: Literature Review 48-290 Researching Social Life Fall 2015 Professor: Mark Munsterhjelm Date submitted: 8 October 2015 Ashley Doung 104268427 1. Research Question The literature review addresses the following question: Does social class inequality affect higher education? The theoretical paradigm that is considered for this question is the Critical paradigm, in which is mainly qualitative and inductive. CriticalRead MoreSocial Education And The Competent Social Work Practitioner955 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Work Education and the Competent Social Work Practitioner Introduction Social work education needs to focus on teaching global issues and applying the structural and anti-oppressive principles of practice (Razack Badwell, 2006). According to Mohan (2005) stated by Razack Badwell (2006) that the social work profession seems to be silent to teach students to achieve adequate skills to think and act globally. This essay will be divided into five sections. The first section will brieflyRead MoreSpecial Needs Children and the Special Education Program Controversy1409 Words   |  6 PagesSpecial education is such a broad and sensitive topic to talk about as well as the several issues that come with the Special education topic. And although there are a variety of issues, such as: special education children being accepted, segregated from their peers, the financial ability to support many special education programs, and the fact that a lot of teachers are not properly certified and do not know how to handle special needs children; there are also many re solutions. Special educationRead MoreEducational Policies For Inclusive Education1701 Words   |  7 Pagesinclusive education in schools and the values held by its leaders† (Porter AuCoin, 2012, p.146). The issue of inclusion is education is one that is surrounded by different ideological perspectives. In order to examine the policies surrounding inclusive education in Canada it is first necessary to understand the specific question at hand, who will be affected by the policy issue, as well as who has the power to make changes to this policy issue. Once there is a clear understanding of the issue andRead MoreMultiple Factors Causes Inequality And Inequality Essay917 Words   |  4 Pagesinequality in education. Therefore the social inclusion challenge is vast – high levels of poverty, fragile environments, entrenched gender and caste discrimination and the existence of ‘hidden’ groups of particularly vulnerable children, including disabled children, working children, HIV affected children and those displaced by conflict. Adding to these challenges are weak governance, incoherent policies, and weak coordination and collaboration within and between sectors. Social Inclusion:Read MoreSocial Change And Public Policy1528 Words   |  7 Pages The study of sociology is an idea interpreted as social change and public policy. This social change is heavily influenced in Laredo, Texas because of the demanding change in urban society. Additionally, this change is operated by Laredo citizen’s concerned with the system of charter and public schools on how classical music has disappeared as a necessity of the learning structure for students. Not only has classical music been completely erased from the school system, it has caused student’s gradesRead MoreThe Function Of Education By Sociologists And Educators874 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction American education serves both political (power) and economic needs, which dictates the function of education. Today, there is a huge debate on the function of education by sociologists and educators. Specifically this paper will not only address the functions of education but also, educational issues that affect both spectrums of society. Because it is known that education does promote social inequality through the use of tracking and standardized testing and the impact of its hidden

Companies and Thier View on Social Networking - 776 Words

Companies and their views on social networking, right or wrong? Jonathan Lee Over the past few years social networking has started to grow into a bigger entity, almost now to a cultural level. It’s now to the point where younger children have started to use these forms of social networking such as Facebook to connect with friends or to update what they are currently doing. For example with Facebook, its main function is to keep people connected and intertwined to ensure that friends are able to know what each other are doing. And to do this they either make a status update, post a picture or a video, and even making new friends with someone thousands of miles away. But what happens when adults such as you and I start to use this kind†¦show more content†¦(Gavison, 1980) These definitions of privacy are based in both legal and philosophical thought. So with these basic definitions of privacy, how would the company explain how they were going to suspend an employee because of a negative post made towards the company, if one the employee never g ave the company permission to view his Facebook profile and also what gives the company the right to do so. Facebook has served as a way to express ourselves, so what happens when we do so and in the eyes of the company it may be a bad thing? Here’s and example of what may happen. The Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools in North Carolina fired one employee and disciplined seven others recently for offensive postings on Facebook, a social networking web site. The fired worker had posted a photo of himself shirtless and listing â€Å"Chillin wit my n___as† as a favored activity. An elementary school teacher had listed â€Å"drinking† as a hobby. And a high school special-ed teach wrote â€Å"I’m feeling pissed because I hate my students!† Employers have the right to hold their employees responsible for such off-duty, online postings if employees use the postings to attack the company, harass co-workers or even violate company policyShow MoreRelatedSocial Media And Its Effect On Small Businesses And Home Businesses2434 Words   |  10 Pages3. Area of research. Social media platforms were few since it started to show in 1998, it grew extremely expeditious. Moreover, now, Facebook had 1.79 billion active users monthly while Instagram has 500 million active users answering the effectiveness of social media platforms in general. Also, in Kuwait, there is a rapid evolution regarding social media effect on small businesses and home businesses. Moreover, a great response from the customer s side as well. Reaching the customers and targetingRead MoreYouTube Analysis Essay2453 Words   |  10 Pageswould then be able to view it on the site. In October 2006 Google announced that they would be purchasing the site for $1.65 billion dollars (Maney, 2006). Certain websites or products thrive more under big company names such as Google (Maney, 2006). For this reason the creators agreed to sell it. Google saw the website as a future investment due to the amount of users it had but more importantly how quickly the site was growing. From August 2005 YouTub e had 2.8 million views which increased to 72Read MoreIntellectual Leadership3364 Words   |  14 Pagesstyle is not enough, and therefore new distinctions started to form.The difference between theory and observation revealed that new leadership concept and a new management paradigm based on this new concept are needed. Intellectual leadership helps companies in terms of forming dynamic and competition sensitive processes and getting higher value added tax by offering the workers the chance to prove themselves. Technology adaptations, profit optimization, cumulative success focus are possible with intellectualRead MoreCyber Crime5881 Words   |  24 Pagesthe first recorded cyber crime! Hackers can be clssified according to thier attention of use of hacking. There are two types of hackers.They are: a. White Hats b. Black Hats a. White Hats: Hackers that use their skills for good are classified as white hat. These white hats often work as certified Ethical Hackers, hired by companies to test the integrity of their systems. Others, operate without company permission by bending but not breaking laws and in the process have createdRead MoreImpacts of Global Financial Crisis on Hrm Policies8256 Words   |  34 PagesWhat is the role of hr in global crisis to retain the talented employees ? http://www.edalys.fr/documents/Stakeholders%20theory.pdf http://lexicon.ft.com/Term?term=stakeholder-theory Article - 1 Employees are not the most important asset of the company but the â€Å"right† employees are. Human Resource Management (HRM) plays a strategic role in the survival of an  organization. In this time of global financial crisis, Human Resource (HR) managers must not only innovate but must also act as change agentsRead MoreCalamansi Plantation Business Plan6425 Words   |  26 PagesNails #4 | | 135.00 | | Cement | | 2,300.00 | | TOTAL | | 6,935.00 | | Table 2.1 indicates the materials needed to construct the farmhouse together with their corresponding prices. FIGURE 2.3 FARM HOUSE LAYOUT (Front View and Top View) BUILDING, FACILITIES, AND EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS TABLE 2.2 FURNITURE AND FIXTURE Description | Source | Unit Cost | QTY | Total Cost | Life | Annual Dep’n | Wooden Table | United Lumber Yard | P1,500.00 | 1 | P1,500.00 | Read MorePolicy Change Management And Its Effects On The Environment8374 Words   |  34 Pageseither sure the success of the policy or reduce the impact of the failure (The Pathfinder Project, 2003). It is without any contradiction that in this dynamic environment, polices cannot be rigid due to a series of factors such as new legislation, social unrest, commodity prices that may impact positively or negatively on the environment. This assertion is even strengthened by the fact that policies cannot exist independently from intervening variables. This section will not delve into frameworksRead MoreEssay about Travel Agency Feasibility Study8839 Words   |  36 PagesSandies World Travels and Sanscape Travel amp; Tours, who gave the permission to use all required equipment and the necessary materials to complete the study. A special thanks goes to Ms. Kristine Mariano amp; Architect Patrick Paul Mariano for thier time and effort, who help us to assemble the parts and gave suggestion about the task and plans.   Last but not least The Lord Almighty, for His Divine Love and Mercy that has kept the researchers in good health and determination to accomplish theirRead MoreTop 1 Cause for Project Failure65023 Words   |  261 Pagesservice (SSC). A company was created that would eventually take delivery of and manage this combined service. The Research bodies were very reluctant to comply with a one size fits all arrangement. (There were research functions as diverse as Arts to Engineering and Environment to Social Sciences).So we had from the beginning poor Stakeholder ownership. Involvement was varied from truculant to compliant. Then there was the Vendor Issue! Two high profile companies were involvedRead MoreErp Sap Research Paper46896 Words   |  188 Pages12-2 327 Real World Case: Enterprise Systems includes enterprise resource planning (ERP), supply chain management (SCM), customer resource management (CRM), and other enterprise-level systems that are critical to all dynamic, globally aware companies. ERPS are important factors in the success of corporations today. With a diversified global market, technology is utilized to overcome dis ­ tance, language, and culture. Today s information systems have permeated well beyond the tra ­ ditional functional

Managing Global Team in Organization-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Managing Global Team in Organization. Answer: Introduction Every company working on global platform has their competitive advantage which relies on coordinating with the resources of the company along with handling the different dimensions of the data. As an outcome of the rise in global business environment, number of companies are on the way of building team globally and consists of people from different countries (Pirkkalainen and Pawlowski, 2014). Objective The objective of the report is to understand the impact of global team in organizations in the present time and how it can be effectively managed in long run. Scope Right from the starting of transition in globalization, all the issues of business have been a concern now. Companies are slowing addressing number of challenges of globalization by properly undertaking the traditional methods of operations (Nahavandi, 2016). This is why, there is rise in business environment globally and many organizations are now focusing on building a global team. Literature review Culture base diversity can be discussed in two ways. The first way is when the team is managed in right manner so that it helps the company to increase the level of performance. In second way, when it is neglected, the culture based diversity will decrease the level of performance. The overall advantages of utilizing the ability of global team are primarily because of globalization that is based on continuous struggle to look for different opportunities that are sometimes inherent in other parts of the world (Ellison et al., 2015). There are number of international teams that make sure that companies deal with the need of particular market. It is apparent that global teams can assist the company in developing association with global consumers. In addition, multinational companies also create a research and development team on global level in order to gain maximum advantages from number of experts that are not present in one specific location however they are present in different corn ers of the world. Still there are other organizations as well that develop an international team specifically for one functional area like sales and marketing or also have number of representatives of that specific operation from all across the world that are collaborative in diverse teams. This also makes sure that companies also gain advantage from diverse different viewpoints. It is obvious that people in global team actually related to different background and thought process and every member of this kind of multicultural group bring some unique or distinct king of opinions and techniques to address the problems. There are number of diverse group of people that are actually expected to have a broad base for knowledge along with expertise and approaches than a common group of people. The group performance by different kind of group is also better than this common group since they carry the aim for a collection of different approaches at their disposal (Gibson et al., 2014). As an outcome, these groups are widely exposed to newer methods in order to address the issues and diverse situations. As per the perspective of manager, people from different kind of culture work together in team. Justification The issue while managing the international team impact fully identifies with different causes of cultural based conflicts and in order to interfere in methods that are actually both that can get team back on the track in order to empower the member to address the future issues on their level. The international teams are formed to increase the overall efficiency of the company by making an impactful usage of the viewpoints as well as diversity. A team which is performing globally is actually a group of people in workforce selected from two or sometimes more country and is also brought at one place to properly coordinate, grow as well as manage the same aspect of companys operations at global level (Drori et al., 2013). Culture also exists among individuals who are sharing same kind of nationality along with similar affiliation from company along with same operations. Members who are part of same background also share common kind of viewpoint and them most likely to understand it and t est the situational based events along with different management practices in same manner. Research questions Primary research questions What are benefits of global team in an organization? Why global teams do fails? Secondary research questions What is definition of global team? What is the role of virtual leader in global team? What the definition is of geographically dispersed? What is the meaning of cross functional work groups? Research design and methodology Qualitative research The qualitative research will do with the help of a detailed questionnaire that will have approaches in two directions which like open ended and close ended. Thus, the present research approach will be utilized base on quantitative as well as qualitative data which will be analyzed in two different ways but later will be analyzed at one place (Crisp and Jarvenpaa, 2013). Quantitative research In this methodology, interviews will plan in a proper structure and conducted with different respondents through face to face and on phone. This will help in enabling that every interview will have a similar set of questions. Sample size The sample size will be different companies performing on global platforms and in this case it is important for the team who is conducting research to draw specific attention on a sample from the current population. The sample is actually a representative of complete population that is being constantly studies and therefore the finding of the similar population can later be interpreted and show the whole study population. In this case, the sample size will be 100 global organizations working within the country (van der Vegt et al., 2015). Sampling The study is based on a simple approach called random sampling methods that will be utilized to properly interview the respondents as well as also answer the research based questions as well as also evaluate the research questions. Variable The various kinds of variables in this research will be based on a classification which is dependent as well as independent which can easily impact the dependent elements. The dependent kind of elements will consist of age as well as gender of the respondent (Rai, 2014). There will also be existence of many independent elements that will consist of nature of the organization, and the elements like what all cultures are included in the team, the strategy to deal with diversity and nature of the business. Data collection The data will collected and analyzed with the help of SPSS version of software for data analyses and it is also analyzed and presented by using a method of descriptive based statistics like means, or more of percentage or scale of 5-likert and the concept of standard deviations. Data analysis The overall all globalization of organization bring a new kind of reality which is the requirement to execute the international project which also brings and in turn also challenges the management of many global teams which are multicultural by nature. It is important to understand here that it is a new element with some theory based development and the study also sought to be clearer about the relationships that exist between culture features and management teams of international projects in many multinationals. In order to carry the discussion in detail, the study will conduct a survey with approximately hundred multinational organizations with the motive of deepening the overall understanding of the management in terms of international teams and it also involves the right kind of planning, development as well as management of HR (Taras et al., 2013). Timeline Expected conclusion Technology is constantly evolving and at the same time also dissolving the virtual level of communication that has become a ritual for number of companies. The overall debate over whether the existence of virtual communication is right option for face to face interaction. The literature also says that when it is used in an effective manner and the existence of virtual communication also shows the different kind of promising option and opportunities for companies to continue (De Anca and Vega, 2016). Using this as a base for virtual communication, some special attention must be give to diverse methods as well as methods that are part of the process to ensure the maximum amount of advantages. Reliability and validity The primary data in the study will evaluate the overall validity along with reliability to see the similar outcomes are reproducible or not. But for the sake of secondary data, there will no requirement of carrying out the evaluation since the data will already be published as well as signed when passed (De Anca and Vega, 2016). Research limitations There are number of data that will be used here but some information is confidential for the company and therefore companies may not be very collaborative while sharing data and this could lead to discrepancy of outcome (De Anca and Vega, 2016). There are number of respondents who can be considered in this research and some of them sound business companies. Reference Crisp, C.B. and Jarvenpaa, S.L., 2013. Swift trust in global virtual teams.Journal of Personnel Psychology. De Anca, C. and Vega, A.V., 2016.Managing diversity in the global organization: Creating new Business values. Springer. Drori, G.S., Hllerer, M.A. and Walgenbach, P. eds., 2013.Global themes and local variations in organization and management: Perspectives on glocalization. Routledge. Ellison, N.B., Gibbs, J.L. and Weber, M.S., 2015. The use of enterprise social network sites for knowledge sharing in distributed organizations: The role of organizational affordances.American Behavioral Scientist,59(1), pp.103-123. Gibson, C.B., Huang, L., Kirkman, B.L. and Shapiro, D.L., 2014. Where global and virtual meet: The value of examining the intersection of these elements in twenty-first-century teams.Annu. Rev. Organ. Psychol. Organ. Behav.,1(1), pp.217-244. Nahavandi, A., 2016.The Art and Science of Leadership -Global Edition. Pearson. Pirkkalainen, H. and Pawlowski, J.M., 2014. Global social knowledge managementunderstanding barriers for global workers utilizing social software.Computers in Human Behavior,30, pp.637-647. Rai, A., 2014. Global Organizational Behaviour Research Essay Managing and Motivating Multicultural Teams Lecturer-Dr. Romie Littrell. Taras, V., Caprar, D.V., Rottig, D., Sarala, R.M., Zakaria, N., Zhao, F., Jimnez, A., Wankel, C., Lei, W.S., Minor, M.S. and Bry?a, P., 2013. A global classroom? Evaluating the effectiveness of global virtual collaboration as a teaching tool in management education.Academy of Management Learning Education,12(3), pp.414-435. van der Vegt, G.S., Essens, P., Wahlstrm, M. and George, G., 2015. Managing risk and resilience.Academy of Management Journal,58(4), pp.971-980.